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Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1508390

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La enfermedad por COVID-19 producida por el SARS-CoV-2, se convirtió en pandemia a partir de marzo del 2020. Entre las manifestaciones clínicas del sistema nervioso periférico pueden aparecer la anosmia y la ageusia. Objetivo: Demostrar la importancia del diagnóstico clínico y epidemiológico en el criterio de certeza de la COVID-19. Presentación del caso: Adolescente de 17 años, masculino con pérdida de olfato e historia familiar de COVID-19, por lo que quedó solo en su casa por el ingreso de su familia, dos test de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa negativos en primera instancia, sin cuadro clínico de la enfermedad aparente, hasta aproximadamente 10 días posteriores a la aparición de los síntomas de la familia, que comienza con pérdida total del olfato; se le repite la misma prueba, que es negativa de nuevo y es remitido a consulta para el estudio de la anosmia. Se atiende por pediatría, se indica el estudio completo y se realiza interconsulta con el especialista de otorrinolaringología. Todos los complementarios de laboratorio, microbiología e imagenología fueron negativos, por lo que decidimos, por la sospecha de COVID-19 y el antecedente familiar, realizar serología para anticuerpos contra SARS-CoV-2, lo que resultó en IgG positivo. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico clínico y epidemiológico retrospectivo permitió el criterio de certeza de la enfermedad COVID-19.


Introduction: The COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 became a pandemic as of March 2020. Among the clinical manifestations of the peripheral nervous system may appear anosmia and ageusia. Objective: Demonstrate the importance of clinical and epidemiological diagnosis in the certainty criterion of COVID-19. Case presentation: 17-year-old male adolescent with loss of smell and family history of COVID-19, so he was left alone at home due to the admission in hospital of his family; he had two negative polymerase chain reaction tests in the first instance, without clinical picture of the apparent disease, until approximately 10 days after the appearance of the symptoms of the family, which begins with total loss of smell; the same test is repeated, which is negative again and he is referred to consultation for the study of anosmia. He was attended in Pediatrics service, a complete study is indicated and the interconsultation with the specialist of otolaryngology is carried out. All the complementary laboratory, microbiology and imaging tests were negative, so it was decided, due to the suspicion of COVID-19 and the family history, to perform serology for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, which resulted in positive IgG. Conclusion: The retrospective clinical and epidemiological diagnosis allowed the certainty criterion of COVID-19 disease.

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